![]() ![]() We highlight that both threat of shock and anxiety disorders promote mechanisms associated with harm avoidance across multiple levels of cognition (from perception to attention to learning and executive function)-a “hot” cognitive function which can be both adaptive and maladaptive depending upon the circumstances. In particular, we compare the impact of threat of shock on cognition in humans to that of pathological anxiety disorders. Specifically, we examine the interaction between anxiety and cognition focusing on the translational threat of unpredictable shock paradigm a method previously used to characterize emotional responses and defensive mechanisms that is now emerging as valuable tool for examining the interaction between anxiety and cognition. ![]() This latter effect falls under the broad category of altered cognitive performance which is the focus of this review. The symptoms are wide-ranging from hyperarousal to difficulties with concentrating. Anxiety disorders constitute a sizeable worldwide health burden with profound social and economic consequences. ![]()
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